Multi-Cancer Early Detection Tests

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Using a single blood sample, multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tests screen for numerous types of cancers, including breast, ovarian, colorectal, pancreatic and prostate cancers. Trials are underway to assess if these blood tests detect cancers early enough to make a difference in survival. Researchers at Fred Hutch and the Cancer Screening Research Network are currently conducting clinical trials to determine the efficacy of MCED tests in screening multiple cancers.

Consult your primary care physician (PCP) about appropriate cancer screenings, genetic tests and/or other blood tests that are covered by insurance and tailored to your specific risk factors. MCED testing should not replace the recommended screening for early cancer. Our clinic provides comprehensive diagnostic evaluations for patients with a positive MCED test.

If a MCED test result indicates cancer

Fred Hutch's experts are here to help if you have received positive multi-cancer early detection test result. Please request an appointment for additional follow-up and traditional screening to confirm a diagnosis and plan the next steps.

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Drawbacks of Multi-Cancer Early Detection Tests

Multi-cancer early detection tests can detect various cancers by analyzing bits of DNA or proteins from cancer cells in the blood. It’s a promising strategy, but there are several reasons to remain cautious:

  1. Lack of FDA Approval: Many MCED tests are not yet FDA-approved. This means they haven't undergone the rigorous testing required to ensure their accuracy and reliability.
  2. False Positives/False Negatives: These tests can produce false positives, indicating cancer when there is none, leading to unnecessary anxiety and invasive follow-up procedures. They can also miss cancers, providing false reassurance and potentially sidelining regular cancer screenings.
  3. High Cost: MCED tests like Galleri and Cancerguard typically cost between $500 and $1,000. These tests are typically not covered by health insurance, making them an out-of-pocket expense. Some employers and life insurers do offer these tests as a benefit outside of health insurance. 

Benefits of Traditional Cancer Screenings

Until MCED tests have been fully tested, traditional cancer screenings recommended by Fred Hutch are a more effective approach. These screenings are designed to detect specific types of cancer early, when they are most treatable. Here are a few of the many benefits:

  1. Proven Effectiveness: Screening methods such as mammograms, colonoscopies and low-dose CT scans (for lung cancer) are backed by extensive research and have been proven to save lives by detecting cancer early.
  2. Insurance Coverage: Many cancer screenings are covered by insurance, especially those recommended by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), so high costs are not a concern People without insurance often delay cancer screenings and as a result are diagnosed at later stages. The sooner a cancer is diagnosed, the more likely it is to be successfully treated (and cured). 
  3. Personalized Recommendations: Your primary care physician can provide personalized screening recommendations based on your age, gender, family history, and risk factors. This ensures you get the most relevant and effective screenings.

Genetic Tests and Other Blood Tests

In addition to traditional screenings, genetic tests and other blood tests can provide valuable information about your cancer risk:

  1. Genetic Testing: If you have a family history of cancer, genetic testing can identify inherited genetic mutations that increase your risk. This information can guide your screening and prevention strategies.
  2. Blood Tests: Certain blood tests, like those measuring tumor markers, can help monitor cancer risk and detect recurrence in individuals with a history of cancer.

Consulting Your Primary Care Physician

Your primary care physician is your best resource for understanding which cancer screenings and tests are appropriate for you. Don’t have a PCP? UW Medicine Primary Care can help your find a new provider. A PCP will help you navigate the complexities of insurance coverage and ensure you receive the screenings that are most beneficial for your health.

Here’s what to do:

  1. Schedule a Consultation: Make an appointment with your primary care physician to discuss your concerns and get personalized advice on cancer screenings and tests.
  2. Review Your Medical History: Provide your doctor with a detailed medical history, including any family history of cancer. This information is crucial for determining which screenings and tests are necessary.
  3. Understand Your Coverage: Ask your physician about which screenings and tests are covered by your insurance and what costs you might need to pay out of pocket.

What If Your MCED Test Indicates Cancer?

Fred Hutch does not provide reinterpretations of positive MCED tests. If you have taken an multi-cancer early detection test and received a positive result, you can request an appointment for additional follow-up and traditional screening to confirm a diagnosis.